Jump to content

1323

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Triumph of St Thomas Aquinas (middle) by Benozzo Gozzoli (1471)
Millennium: 2nd millennium
Centuries:
Decades:
Years:
1323 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar1323
MCCCXXIII
Ab urbe condita2076
Armenian calendar772
ԹՎ ՉՀԲ
Assyrian calendar6073
Balinese saka calendar1244–1245
Bengali calendar730
Berber calendar2273
English Regnal year16 Edw. 2 – 17 Edw. 2
Buddhist calendar1867
Burmese calendar685
Byzantine calendar6831–6832
Chinese calendar壬戌年 (Water Dog)
4020 or 3813
    — to —
癸亥年 (Water Pig)
4021 or 3814
Coptic calendar1039–1040
Discordian calendar2489
Ethiopian calendar1315–1316
Hebrew calendar5083–5084
Hindu calendars
 - Vikram Samvat1379–1380
 - Shaka Samvat1244–1245
 - Kali Yuga4423–4424
Holocene calendar11323
Igbo calendar323–324
Iranian calendar701–702
Islamic calendar722–723
Japanese calendarGenkō 3
(元亨3年)
Javanese calendar1234–1235
Julian calendar1323
MCCCXXIII
Korean calendar3656
Minguo calendar589 before ROC
民前589年
Nanakshahi calendar−145
Thai solar calendar1865–1866
Tibetan calendar阳水狗年
(male Water-Dog)
1449 or 1068 or 296
    — to —
阴水猪年
(female Water-Pig)
1450 or 1069 or 297

Year 1323 (MCCCXXIII) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Events

[edit]

January – March

[edit]

April – June

[edit]

July – September

[edit]

October – December

[edit]
  • October 8 – John XXII claims the right to confirm imperial elections and demands that Louis IV of Bavarian surrender his claim to be King of the Romans.[10]
  • October 15 – Hostilities that will lead to the War of Saint-Sardos between England and France begin when King Charles IV of France has a royal sergeant place a stake claiming to claim the French town of Saint-Sardos, territory within the jurisdiction of King Edward II of England (who is also the ruler of the Duchy of Aquitaine in southeastern France). [14]
  • October 16 – Lord Raymond-Bernard, of the Aquitaine town of Montpezat, burns the village of Saint-Sardos to the ground and hangs the French royal sergeant who acted as agent for King Charles IV. France's government blames the England's Baron Basset of the Duchy of Gascony, for hiring Lord Raymond-Bernard.
  • November 12Pope John XXII issues the papal bull Cum inter nonnullos as an addendum to the December 8 bull Ad conditorem canonum, declaring that the assertion of the Fraticelli that Christ and the Apostles possessed no property (and advocated poverty as a Christian virtue) is a heresy. [3]
  • NovemberFlemish Revolt: A uprising in Flanders is caused by both excessive taxation levied by Louis I, and by his pro-French policies. The revolt is led by landowning farmers under Nicolaas Zannekin. Members of the local gentry join and William Deken, mayor of Bruges, becomes the leader of the revolt.[15]
  • December 7 – John of Nottingham and Robert of Coventry, two Englishmen believed by Coventry residents to be expert on necromancy, begin the process of casting a spell to kill King Edward II, Sir Hugh le Despenser of Winchester, as well as the prior of Coventry. John allegedly accepted 20 pounds sterling, and starts his necromancy by making wax figurines of the targets of elimination and then using them for the next six months. The two men will later be prosecuted for sorcery after one of the designated victims allegedly dies after a pin is driven into his figurine. [16]
  • December 21 – In further retaliation by the King Charles of France against King Edward of England for the Saint-Sardos incident, Edward's chief advocate in France's parliament, Pons Tournemire, is arrested and imprisoned in the Grand Châtelet. [17]

Deaths

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Geoffrey Barrow, Robert Bruce and the Community of the Realm of Scotland (Eyre & Spottiswoode, 1965) pp. 351-353
  2. ^ a b c Sir Herbert Maxwell, The Chronicle of Lanercost, 1272-1346: Translated with Notes (J. Maclehose and Sons, 1913) pp. 250-252
  3. ^ a b "Bonagratia of Bergamo", The Catholic Encyclopedia (Robert Appleton Company, 1907)
  4. ^ a b Snyder, Timothy (2003). The Reconstruction of Nations: Poland, Ukraine, Lithuania, Belarus, 1569–1999, pp. 92–93. Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-10586-5.
  5. ^ Arthur L. Herman (2021). The Viking Heart: How Scandinavians Conquered the World, pp. 176–178. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-1328595904.
  6. ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, p. 608. Eleventh Edition, Vol. XIII, Ed. Hugh Chisholm (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1910).
  7. ^ Richard M. Eaton (2005). A Social History of the Deccan, 1300–1761, p. 21. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521254847.
  8. ^ Francesco Cesare Casula, Il Regno di Sardegna (Logus mondi interattivi,2012)
  9. ^ Pete Armstrong (2002). Osprey: Bannockburn 1314 – Robert Bruce's great victory, p. 89. ISBN 1-85532-609-4.
  10. ^ a b Hywel Williams (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History, p. 158. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
  11. ^ O'Callaghan, Joseph F. (1975). A History of Medieval Spain, p. 408. Cornell University Press.
  12. ^ Hampden, Renn Dickson (1848). "The Life of Thomas Aquinas: A Dissertation of the Scholastic Philosophy of the Middle Ages". Encyclopædia Metropolitana. London: John J. Griffin & Co. p. 54.
  13. ^ Jensen, Kurt Villads (2019). Ristiretket, p. 280. Turku: Turun Historiallinen Yhdistys. ISBN 978-952-7045-09-1.
  14. ^ Kathryn Warner, Edward II: The Unconventional King (Amberley Publishing, 2014)
  15. ^ William H. TeBrake (1993). A Plague of Insurrection: Popular Politics and Peasant Revolt in Flanders, 1323–1328. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. ISBN 0-8122-3241-0.
  16. ^ Natalie Fryde, The Tyranny and Fall of Edward II 1321-1326 (Cambridge University Press, 2004) pp.162-163
  17. ^ Roy Martin Haines, King Edward II: Edward of Caernarfon, His Life, His Reign and Its Aftermath 1284—1330 (McGill-Queen's University Press, 2003) pp. 315-321, 509
  18. ^ Herbermann, Charles (1913). "Berenger Fredol". Catholic Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton Company.
  19. ^ Charles Clay; Diana E. Greenway (2013). Early Yorkshire Families, p. 39. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-1-108-05837-7.
  20. ^ Wright, Thomas (1864). The Roll of arms of the princes, barons, and knights who attended King Edward I. at the Siege of Caerlaverock in 1300, PP. 2–3. London: J.C. Hotten.
  21. ^ Menéndez Pidal de Navascués, Faustino (1982). Instituto Luis de Salazar y Castro (ed.). Heráldica medieval espyearla. Volumen I: La Casa Real de Castilla y León. Hidalguía. ISBN 8400051505.
  22. ^ Heirman, Ann; Meinert, Carmen; Anderl, Christoph (2018). Buddhist Encounters and Identities Across East Asia, p. 208. BRILL. ISBN 978-9004366152.
  23. ^ Leonore Bazinek (1993). "Natalis, Hervaeus". In Bautz, Traugott (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 6. Herzberg: Bautz. cols. 468–474. ISBN 3-88309-044-1.
  24. ^ Sarton, George (1947). Introduction to the History of Science, p. 1009. Vol. 3.
  25. ^ Philippe Le Bel et la Noblesse Franc-Comtoise, p. 9. Frantz Funck-Brentano, Bibliothèque de I'École des chartes, Vol. 49 (1888).
  26. ^ Nicol, Donald M. (1984). The Despotate of Epiros, 1267–1479: A Contribution to the History of Greece in the Middle Ages, pp. 91–92. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-13089-9.
  27. ^ Lauer, Uta (2002). A Master of His Own: The Calligraphy of the Chan Abbot Zhongfeng Mingben (1262–1323), p. 52. Franz Steiner Verlag. ISBN 9783515079327.