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List of rulers of Wadai

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The rulers of the Wadai Sultanate ruled a territory today located in the north of the Republic of Chad.

There have been three states of Wadai, with the first dated to pre-1500.[1] In the 14th century, Wadai became a "quasi independent" state of the Maba people but was destroyed at end of the 15th century.[1] A second Wadai state grew out of the first and was conquered by the Tunjur kingdom in the 16th century.[1] In 1611, a Maba named Abd al-Krim expelled the Tunjur and became the first Kolak (King) in 1635, marking the beginning of the third Wadai state.[1] France invaded Wadai in 1909 and annexed it to the territory of Chad.[1] French military rule ended in 1935 and a new Kolak was installed, though with very limited powers over the Ouaddaï prefecture.[1] The state was suppressed France from 1912 to 1935 and by the Chad government from 1960 to 1970.

The current Kolak Cherif Abdelhadi Mahdi was appointed by the central government of Chad, which caused uproar because he was not related to his predecessor.[2] However, he is descended from Kolak Muhammad Sharif (r. 1843–1858).[3] The previous Kolak was dismissed in July 2019 following ethnic clashes in the region.[2]

Name[1] Reign Start[1] Reign End[1] Title[1] Father
Unknown Before c. 1500 Malik (King)
Karama c. 1500 ? Malik (King)
Gamal ad-Din ? ? Malik (King)
Durdur ? ? Malik (King)
al-Kamin ? ? Malik (King)
Muhammad Tunjur ? ? Sultan
Yakub al-Mwakir ? ? Sultan
Hamid ? ? Sultan
Daud ? 1635 Sultan
Abd al-Krim 1635 1655 Kolak (King)
Sharuf
(Also known as Kharut al-Khabir)
1655 1678 Kolak (King)
Sharif
(Also known as Kharif)
1678 1681 Kolak (King)
Yakob Arous 1681 1707 Kolak (King)
Kharut al-Sarhir 1707 1747 Kolak (King)
Muhammad Jawda
(Also known as Joda)
1747 1795 Kolak (King)
Salih Deret 1795 1803 Kolak (King) Muhammad Jawda
Abd al-Karim
(Also known as Sabun)
1803 1813 Kolak (King) Salih Deret
Muhammad Busata[citation needed] 1813 1813 Kolak (King) Abd al-Karim
Yusuf Kharifain 1813 1829 Kolak (King) Abd al-Qadir
Raqib[citation needed] 1829 1829 Kolak (King) Abd al-Qadir
Abd al-Aziz 1829 1834 Kolak (King) Radama
Adam 1834 1843 Kolak (King) Abd al-Aziz
Muhammad Sharif

(Also known as Izz ad-Din)

1843 1858 Kolak (King) Salih Darret
Ali 1858 1874 Kolak (King) Muhammad Sharif
Yusuf II 1874 1898 Kolak (King) Ali
Ibrahim I 1898 1901 Kolak (King) Ali
Abu Ghazali 1901 December 1901 Kolak (King) Ali
Muhammad Doud Mourrah 1902 3 June 1909 Kolak (King) Yusuf II
Acyl
(Also known as Asil)
1909 5 June 1912 Kolak (King)
Direct French Rule (1912–1935)
Muhammad Urada I 1935 1945 Kolak (King) Ibrahim I
Ali Silek 1945 1960 Kolak (King) Muhammad Doud Mourrah
Vacant 1960 1970
Ali Silek
(Second Reign)
1970 1977 Kolak (King) Muhammad Doud Mourrah
Ibrahim II 1977 11 August 2004 Kolak (King) Muhammad Urada I
Muhammad Urada II 11 August 2004 17 August 2019 Kolak (King) Ibrahim II
Cherif Abdelhadi Mahdi[2] 17 August 2019 Incumbent Kolak (King) Abdelhadi Mahdi[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Stewart, John (2006). African States and Rulers (Third ed.). Jefferson: McFarland & Company, Inc. p. 233. ISBN 0-7864-2562-8.
  2. ^ a b c "Uproar over sultan's appointment in Chad". BusinessGhana. Retrieved 2023-10-26.
  3. ^ a b "Spécial Ouaddaï : le sultan Cherif Abdelhadi Mahdi est-il vraiment un inconnu?". Tchadinfos.com (in French). 2019-08-22. Retrieved 2023-10-26.